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Robot using artificial muscles simulating peristaltic movement of earthworms and its application to pipe inspection, high viscous fluid pumping, and excavation


Robot using artificial muscles simulating peristaltic movement of earthworms and its application to pipe inspection, high viscous fluid pumping, and excavation

Organization Name

Taro Nakamura Department of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Professor

Technical field

Earthworms move through narrow spaces by peristaltic movements. In Nakamura group, we are developing a robot that simulates the peristaltic movement of an earthworm by using our original artificial muscles as its constituent parts which "contract and expand" by air pressure. This system does not require moving space for its direction change; it can be applied for in-pipe inspection, mixing and separation of solid-liquid mixtures, pumps for solid-liquid mixtures and high viscosity fluids for transportation of sludge, food, cement, etc., and excavation in the ground in combination with an earth auger. We welcome companies that are motivated to commercialize and utilize this technology. The body of an earthworm consists of about 150 segments, each of which is stretched and contracted to perform peristaltic movements. Peristaltic movement is a movement found in human esophagus and intestines and allows objects to be transferred by moving longitudinal expansion and contraction waves in a certain direction. Although peristaltic movement is slow and appears to be inefficient, it has advantages such as the smallest space required for movement and the ability to secure large area in the surrounding environment. As it moves forward, the earthworm first contracts the body segments of the head and then propagates this contraction to the posterior segments of the body. The contraction of this body segment causes friction with the ground. They then move forward by extending the contracted body segments.

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Details

Key point

・Earthworms move through narrow spaces by peristaltic movements.
・Use artificial muscles simulating peristaltic movement of earthworms.

Benefit

・Can stably and reliably move in narrow spaces.
・Can be attached to existing inspection devices and maintenance equipment because the inside can be made hollow.
・Possible to change its direction of movement by turning.
・It also can move even in places with many curved pipes.
・High thrust can be generated. Therefore, it can also be used for pumps and underground excavation.
・By using our original artificial muscles, we have achieved flexibility and high elasticity.

Market Application

1. Inspection in Thin Pipes Industrial endoscopes are often used to inspect 25A and 15A pipes, which are often used as thin pipes for water and gas pipes.
However, in pipes with many curved pipes or under long distances of 15 m or more, it is difficult to push the endoscope forward due to the effect of friction around the pipe.
Therefore, it is difficult to perform the inspection only with endoscopes. So there is a need for endoscopes with robotic travel capabilities.
However, since the pipes are so small, it is very difficult to run through thin pipes including multiple elbow tubes with cameras and other equipment, and such robot currently does not exist.
Our earthworm-type robot can be applied to the inspection of thin pipes without any problems.
2. Transport of Solid-Liquid Mixtures and High Viscosity Fluids Conveyance systems for solid-liquid mixtures and high viscosity fluids are required in various situations, such as conveying sediment and sand upon natural disasters, sewage treatment, and transporting food and sludge in factories.
Our earthworm-type robot is expected to be applied to mixing and separating solid-liquid mixtures and transporting sludge, food, cement, etc.
3. Excavation Robot Our system has the potential to be applied to excavation robots.A peristaltic earthworm robot that can stably move through small holes is used as the propulsion mechanism, and an earth auger that can easily excavate and transport sediment using a single mechanism is used as the excavation mechanism.

Publications

Taro Nakamura and Hitomi Shinohara, “Position and Force Control Based on Mathematical Models of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles Reinforced by Straight Glass Fibers”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation(ICRA 2007)pp. 4361-4366, 2007

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